refactor: classify Table as Data vs Toc once at construction

The TOC/data-table distinction was being recomputed at every consumer:
- format.rs::table_to_markdown ran is_table_of_contents to decide between
  flat-list and markdown-table rendering.
- compute_layout_complexity ran it again to filter TOCs out of
  pages_with_tables.
- detect_heuristic validations used it to decide whether to relax val 1/9.

Each caller had to remember tables can be either kind, which leaks the
TOC concept across the codebase.

Add `TableKind { Data, Toc }` and a `Table::new` constructor that classifies
once from the cells. All five detectors (heuristic, rect, line, struct,
columns) now go through `Table::new`. Consumers match on `kind` instead of
re-running classification.

Pure refactor — no behavior change. Verified: pdf-evals output is byte-for-
byte identical (0 changed snapshots).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/lib.rs

@@ -1786,25 +1786,22 @@ fn compute_layout_complexity(
             // lists. They aren't tables in any user-facing sense, so don't
             // count them toward LayoutComplexity (would also trip the
             // table-page guard in column detection below).
-            let has_real_table = |tables: &[tables::Table]| {
+            let has_data_table =
-                tables
+                |tables: &[tables::Table]| tables.iter().any(|t| t.kind == tables::TableKind::Data);
-                    .iter()
-                    .any(|t| !tables::is_table_of_contents(&t.cells))
-            };
 
             let (rect_tables, _) = tables::detect_tables_from_rects(&band_items, &band_rects, page);
-            if has_real_table(&rect_tables) {
+            if has_data_table(&rect_tables) {
                 found_table = true;
                 break;
             }
             let line_tables = tables::detect_tables_from_lines(&band_items, &band_lines, page);
-            if has_real_table(&line_tables) {
+            if has_data_table(&line_tables) {
                 found_table = true;
                 break;
             }
             // Heuristic fallback for borderless tables
             let heuristic_tables = tables::detect_tables(&band_items, base_size, false);
-            if has_real_table(&heuristic_tables) {
+            if has_data_table(&heuristic_tables) {
                 found_table = true;
                 break;
             }

src/tables/detect_heuristic.rs

@@ -687,12 +687,7 @@ fn detect_table_in_region(items: &[(usize, &TextItem)], mode: TableDetectionMode
         item_indices.len()
     );
 
-    Some(Table {
+    Some(Table::new(columns, rows, cells, item_indices))
-        columns,
-        rows,
-        cells,
-        item_indices,
-    })
 }
 
 /// Check if this looks like a key-value pair layout rather than a table

src/tables/detect_lines.rs

@@ -265,12 +265,12 @@ pub fn detect_tables_from_lines(items: &[TextItem], lines: &[PdfLine], page: u32
         page, num_rows, num_cols, item_indices.len(), page_item_count, non_empty_rows, cols_with_content
     );
 
-    vec![Table {
+    vec![Table::new(
-        columns: col_edges,
+        col_edges,
-        rows: row_edges_desc[..num_rows].to_vec(),
+        row_edges_desc[..num_rows].to_vec(),
         cells,
         item_indices,
-    }]
+    )]
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

src/tables/detect_rects.rs

@@ -1037,12 +1037,7 @@ fn try_build_grid(
         (columns, cells)
     };
 
-    GridResult::Ok(Table {
+    GridResult::Ok(Table::new(columns, rows, cells, item_indices))
-        columns,
-        rows,
-        cells,
-        item_indices,
-    })
 }
 
 /// Deduplicate nearby edge values within a tolerance, returning sorted unique edges.
@@ -1442,12 +1437,7 @@ fn detect_row_stripe_table(
         content_ratio * 100.0
     );
 
-    Some(Table {
+    Some(Table::new(column_centers, row_centers, cells, item_indices))
-        columns: column_centers,
-        rows: row_centers,
-        cells,
-        item_indices,
-    })
 }
 
 /// Detect a table from cell-background rects that failed grid detection.
@@ -1691,12 +1681,7 @@ fn detect_row_stripe_table_from_cell_rects(
         non_empty_cells as f32 / total_cells * 100.0
     );
 
-    Some(Table {
+    Some(Table::new(column_centers, row_centers, cells, item_indices))
-        columns: column_centers,
-        rows: row_centers,
-        cells,
-        item_indices,
-    })
 }
 
 /// Detect a table by merging all cluster rects into one group.
@@ -1875,12 +1860,7 @@ fn detect_merged_cluster_table(
         content_ratio * 100.0
     );
 
-    Some(Table {
+    Some(Table::new(column_centers, row_centers, cells, item_indices))
-        columns: column_centers,
-        rows: row_centers,
-        cells,
-        item_indices,
-    })
 }
 
 /// Cluster text item X positions into column centers with a given minimum threshold.

src/tables/detect_struct.rs

@@ -188,12 +188,12 @@ pub fn detect_tables_from_struct_tree(
         all_item_indices.sort_unstable();
         all_item_indices.dedup();
 
-        tables.push(Table {
+        tables.push(Table::new(
-            columns: col_positions,
+            col_positions,
-            rows: row_positions,
+            row_positions,
             cells,
-            item_indices: all_item_indices,
+            all_item_indices,
-        });
+        ));
     }
 
     tables

src/tables/format.rs

@@ -1,26 +1,19 @@
 //! Table-to-markdown formatting and cell cleanup.
 
-use super::detect_heuristic::is_table_of_contents;
+use super::{Table, TableKind};
-use super::Table;
 
 pub fn table_to_markdown(table: &Table) -> String {
     if table.cells.is_empty() || table.cells[0].is_empty() {
         return String::new();
     }
 
-    // Detect TOC on the raw cells: clean_table_cells merges rows in ways
+    // TOCs render poorly as markdown tables — emit a flat per-row text list
-    // that can make genuine data tables superficially resemble a TOC
+    // instead so the page numbers stay aligned with their section titles
-    // (short numeric cells, few columns) — but the raw detection here
+    // rather than drifting to a separate column. Format from raw cells
-    // preserves the original multi-column structure and only matches the
+    // because continuation-row merging in clean_table_cells collapses
-    // true TOC pattern.
+    // separate TOC entries (e.g. "6.2 Contamination" + "6.2.1 SWE-bench")
-    //
+    // into one line where sub-entries leave column 0 empty.
-    // Tables of contents render poorly as markdown tables — emit a flat
+    if table.kind == TableKind::Toc {
-    // per-row text list instead so the page numbers stay aligned with
-    // their section titles rather than drifting to a separate column.
-    // Format from raw cells: continuation-row merging collapses separate
-    // TOC entries (e.g. "6.2 Contamination" + "6.2.1 SWE-bench") into a
-    // single line because sub-entries leave column 0 empty.
-    if is_table_of_contents(&table.cells) {
         return format_toc_as_list(&table.cells, &[]);
     }
 
@@ -470,6 +463,7 @@ mod tests {
                 vec!["Bob".into(), "25".into()],
             ],
             item_indices: vec![],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
         let md = table_to_markdown(&table);
         assert!(md.contains("|Name|"));
@@ -485,6 +479,7 @@ mod tests {
             rows: vec![500.0],
             cells: vec![vec!["Only".into(), "Row".into()]],
             item_indices: vec![],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
         let md = table_to_markdown(&table);
         assert!(md.contains("|Only|"));
@@ -498,6 +493,7 @@ mod tests {
             rows: vec![],
             cells: vec![],
             item_indices: vec![],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
         assert_eq!(table_to_markdown(&table), "");
     }
@@ -513,6 +509,7 @@ mod tests {
                 vec!["(1)".into(), "Footnote text".into()],
             ],
             item_indices: vec![],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
         let md = table_to_markdown(&table);
         assert!(md.contains("(1) Footnote text"));
@@ -528,6 +525,7 @@ mod tests {
                 vec!["太郎".into(), "25".into()],
             ],
             item_indices: vec![],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
         let md = table_to_markdown(&table);
         assert!(md.contains("名前"));
@@ -541,6 +539,7 @@ mod tests {
             rows: vec![500.0],
             cells: vec![vec![]],
             item_indices: vec![],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
         assert_eq!(table_to_markdown(&table), "");
     }
@@ -550,10 +549,10 @@ mod tests {
         // A TOC-shaped table with section numbers in col 0 and page numbers
         // in the last column should render as a flat list, not a markdown
         // table, so the page numbers stay on the same line as their titles.
-        let table = Table {
+        let table = Table::new(
-            columns: vec![50.0, 80.0, 300.0],
+            vec![50.0, 80.0, 300.0],
-            rows: vec![500.0; 5],
+            vec![500.0; 5],
-            cells: vec![
+            vec![
                 vec![
                     "4.3".into(),
                     "Case studies and targeted evaluations".into(),
@@ -572,8 +571,9 @@ mod tests {
                 vec!["4.4".into(), "Capability evaluations".into(), "101".into()],
                 vec!["4.5".into(), "White-box analyses".into(), "113".into()],
             ],
-            item_indices: vec![],
+            vec![],
-        };
+        );
+        assert_eq!(table.kind, TableKind::Toc);
         let md = table_to_markdown(&table);
         assert!(
             !md.contains("|---|"),

src/tables/grid.rs

@@ -499,6 +499,7 @@ pub(crate) fn recover_header_row(
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::tables::TableKind;
     use crate::types::ItemType;
 
     fn make_item(text: &str, x: f32, y: f32, font_size: f32) -> TextItem {
@@ -756,6 +757,7 @@ mod tests {
             rows: vec![500.0, 480.0],
             cells: vec![vec!["A".into(), "B".into()], vec!["C".into(), "D".into()]],
             item_indices: vec![2, 3],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
 
         recover_header_row(&mut table, &all_items, 9.0);
@@ -774,6 +776,7 @@ mod tests {
             rows: vec![500.0],
             cells: vec![vec!["A".into(), "B".into()]],
             item_indices: vec![0, 1],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
 
         let rows_before = table.rows.len();
@@ -794,6 +797,7 @@ mod tests {
             rows: vec![500.0, 480.0],
             cells: vec![vec!["A".into(), "B".into()], vec!["C".into(), "D".into()]],
             item_indices: vec![2, 3],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
 
         let rows_before = table.rows.len();
@@ -814,6 +818,7 @@ mod tests {
             rows: vec![500.0],
             cells: vec![vec!["A".into(), "B".into()]],
             item_indices: vec![1, 2],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
 
         let rows_before = table.rows.len();
@@ -829,6 +834,7 @@ mod tests {
             rows: vec![],
             cells: vec![],
             item_indices: vec![],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
 
         recover_header_row(&mut table, &all_items, 9.0);

src/tables/mod.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ mod financial;
 mod format;
 mod grid;
 
-pub use detect_heuristic::{detect_tables, is_table_of_contents};
+pub use detect_heuristic::detect_tables;
+pub(crate) use detect_heuristic::is_table_of_contents;
 pub use detect_lines::detect_tables_from_lines;
 pub(crate) use detect_rects::cluster_rects;
 pub use detect_rects::{detect_tables_from_rects, RectHintRegion};
@@ -166,12 +167,12 @@ pub(crate) fn try_build_rect_guided_table(
     used_indices.sort_unstable();
     used_indices.dedup();
 
-    Some(Table {
+    Some(Table::new(
-        columns: col_boundaries,
+        col_boundaries,
-        rows: row_boundaries,
+        row_boundaries,
         cells,
-        item_indices: used_indices,
+        used_indices,
-    })
+    ))
 }
 
 /// Split a TextItem whose text contains multiple whitespace-separated tokens
@@ -541,12 +542,22 @@ pub(crate) fn try_build_table_from_columns(items: &[TextItem], page: u32) -> Opt
         multi_col_rows
     );
 
-    Some(Table {
+    Some(Table::new(col_xs, row_ys, cells, item_indices))
-        columns: col_xs,
+}
-        rows: row_ys,
+
-        cells,
+/// What kind of structure a detected `Table` represents. Classification is
-        item_indices,
+/// computed once at construction so consumers don't have to re-analyze the
-    })
+/// cells (and stay consistent across detection backends).
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
+pub enum TableKind {
+    /// A real data table — renders as markdown table syntax.
+    #[default]
+    Data,
+    /// A table of contents — renders as a flat list with tab-aligned page
+    /// numbers via `format_toc_as_list`. Detected through the table pipeline
+    /// because TOCs share row/column structure with tables, but they are not
+    /// data tables and shouldn't appear in `pages_with_tables` etc.
+    Toc,
 }
 
 /// A detected table.
@@ -560,6 +571,31 @@ pub struct Table {
     pub cells: Vec<Vec<String>>,
     /// Items that belong to this table
     pub item_indices: Vec<usize>,
+    /// Data table vs TOC. Set by `Table::new` from `cells`.
+    pub kind: TableKind,
+}
+
+impl Table {
+    /// Build a table and classify it (data vs TOC) from its cells.
+    pub fn new(
+        columns: Vec<f32>,
+        rows: Vec<f32>,
+        cells: Vec<Vec<String>>,
+        item_indices: Vec<usize>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let kind = if is_table_of_contents(&cells) {
+            TableKind::Toc
+        } else {
+            TableKind::Data
+        };
+        Self {
+            columns,
+            rows,
+            cells,
+            item_indices,
+            kind,
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -642,6 +678,7 @@ mod tests {
                 vec!["Cell 1".into(), "Cell 2".into()],
             ],
             item_indices: vec![],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
 
         let md = table_to_markdown(&table);
@@ -1002,6 +1039,7 @@ mod tests {
                 vec!["3".into(), "5/2".into(), "Item C".into(), "300".into()],
             ],
             item_indices: vec![],
+            kind: TableKind::Data,
         };
 
         let md = table_to_markdown(&table);